Cercetări privind crearea liniilor consangvinizate și a hibrizilor de porumb timpuriu

Abstract

The paper presents the synthesis of multiannual investigations concerning the development of inbred lines and early maize hybrids. 2874 sources were used over the period 1981-2020 for inbreeding and phenotypical selection, out of which 532 constant families were selected and were subject to preliminary assessment in terms of their production capacity, then transferred to the operational collection. The consequent testing resulted in the selection of 36 original lines used as parents of registered hybrids. At present, the related crosses – 56,7%, single cross hybrids – 31,6%, backcrosses – 11,4% and foreign hybrids – 0,3% are used as sources of initial material. The germplasm of alternative heterotic groups Reid Iodent – 40,1%, Euroflint – 28,9%, BSSS-B37 – 12,6%, Lancaster – 11,6%, Dent mixt – 4,0% and Dent canadian – 2,8% predominates in the lines’ pedigree. The heterotic patterns Reid Iodent x Euroflint and Reid Iodent x BSSS-B37 are mostly used for hybrid development. The production of commercial seeds for export is assured by 9 registered hybrids FAO 160-240 registered in Belarus. The hybrids Porumbeni 310, Porumbeni 305 and Alimentar 325 are used for cultivation in the Republic of Moldova.