TERRESTRIAL LASER SCANNING FOR 3D CADASTRE: A CASE STUDY OF ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE IN THE REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA

Abstract

Accelerated urban development and infrastructure expansion require the modernization of the cadastral system in the Republic of Moldova through the integration of the three-dimensional component. This article analyzes the possibility of implementing 3D cadastre, starting from the limitations of the current two-dimensional cadastre and the need for alignment with international standards, particularly ISO 19152 (LADM - Land Administration Domain Model). The case study focuses on the three-dimensional modeling of a complex infrastructural object – a road bridge in Criuleni district, located at the intersection of Hrușova, Ciopleni, and Goian villages. Using terrestrial laser scanning technology (Leica BLK360), high-precision spatial data were obtained (RMS <10 mm, density >800 points/m²), which were processed and integrated into a functional 3D model. The results demonstrate that three-dimensional modeling provides a more accurate representation of reality, facilitates engineering analysis, and enables correct description of overlapping objects or those with complex geometry. The article proposes a hybrid implementation model, in which the 2D cadastre remains the legal basis, while 3D models serve as technical and decision-making support. The conclusions highlight the need for developing a specific regulatory framework, standardizing data acquisition processes, and creating an integrated GIS (Geographic Information Systems) platform for efficient management of three-dimensional spatial information.